← Prajjwal Chittori

Writing

106 essays on philosophy, building, founders, power, and the engineering life — written since 2016.

Engineering & Building 4

How I Built a 22K Audience With One Repeatable Format (and Why Consistency Beats Creativity)

In a few months one short-form format took me past 22,000 followers and roughly 14.7 million views in a single 90-day window. I'm a backend engineer by day. This was a side experiment in distribution.

March 2026

₹2 Lakh in Month One: What a Backend Engineer Learned Building a Physical Brand Solo

I write smart contracts and payments backends for a living. So when I decided to build a consumer cleaning brand — NAMELESS, under my company KuruX Enterprises, with a sponge-wipe line called WipeZill

October 2025

From Codeforces Expert to ~8,000 Problems: The Practice System That Actually Worked

Over the years I've solved close to 8,000 problems across Codeforces, CodeChef, LeetCode, UVa, and other judges, and made Codeforces Expert in university. Pre-2022, before AI assistants, every solutio

April 2023

What I Learned Taking a Liquid-Staking Protocol Past $500M+ TVL as a Founding Engineer

I joined Stader Labs as an intern in my final year at DTU. Somewhere between my first CosmWasm contract and the dashboards ticking past half a billion in staked assets, the title "founding engineer" g

July 2022

On Building & Life 22

The Engineer-Philosopher

People find it weird that the same guy who's solved eight thousand competitive programming problems also reads Kafka and the Stoics for fun. They file engineering and philosophy as two unrelated hobbi

March 2026

The Discipline of Shipping

Every project hits a moment where the thing is good enough to be embarrassing in public but not good enough to satisfy you, and what you do in that moment decides whether you're a builder or just some

August 2025

The Founders Were Deists

What if the people who built America mostly didn't believe in a god who answered prayers?

June 2024

Why I Read

People who know me as a backend engineer grinding competitive programming get mildly confused that I also read Kafka and Seneca and Paine for fun. The assumption is that reading philosophy is a self-i

February 2024

Taste Is the Last Edge

For most of my life taste sounded like a soft word. The thing people reach for when they can't measure something. Engineers distrust it because it never shows up in a benchmark. I've come to think tas

October 2022

Schlep Blindness and the Jobs Nobody Wants

Paul Graham has an essay on schlep blindness. The way your brain quietly hides the businesses that involve tedious, unglamorous, terrifying work so you never even see them. Stripe sat in plain sight f

May 2022

Money Is Stored Freedom

People who say money doesn't matter usually never went without it. People who say money is everything usually never had enough to find out it isn't. The truth sits somewhere less quotable: money is st

April 2022

Why I Keep Starting Things

I've started a lot of things. A cleaning brand that did two lakh in its first month. A trading simulator that got featured by YC's Startup School. A couple of products that now exist only as graveyard

June 2021

Distribution Is the Only Moat You Have Alone

Engineers love to believe the product is the moat. Build something good enough and the world beats a path to your door. Comforting lie. I believed it through a few dead projects before it stopped bein

February 2021

What the Agents Can't Take

I keep telling people that anything repeatable gets eaten by agents eventually. They hear a horror movie. I mean it as a map.

January 2021

The Job-Versus-Potential Trap

I once wrote a line I keep coming back to, because it diagnosed me before I understood the diagnosis. When I have a job, it feels like I'm wasting my potential. When I'm unemployed, it feels like I'm

December 2020

Credentials Are a Receipt, Not the Meal

A credential is proof that you paid. That's all it is. A degree proves you paid four years and some tuition. A certification proves you paid an afternoon and an exam fee. None of it proves you can do

December 2020

Ambition Without a Map

Everyone who gave me career advice assumed a map existed. Pick the destination, find the established route, walk it. Senior engineer, then staff, then director. The ladder's right there, just climb. G

February 2020

The First-Generation Wealth Mind

There's a specific psychology to being the first person in your line to build real wealth, and almost nobody describes it right, because the people who write about money usually inherited the operatin

January 2018

What Paul Graham Got Right (and the One Place I Disagree)

If you build things, Paul Graham already had most of your good ideas a decade ago, wrote them more clearly than you will, and put them somewhere you can read for free. Honest thing to do is admit the

November 2017

On Writing Under a Borrowed Name

For years I posted under Durden. If you know the reference, you know what it was promising — the part of you that doesn't care what the room thinks, the one willing to burn the comfortable thing down

May 2017

Building the Rails

I've spent my career on payment rails. First moving money across borders the old way, then helping take a crypto staking protocol past $500M+ in deposits, now on the unglamorous plumbing that lets a c

May 2017

Do Things That Don't Scale, Forever

Paul Graham's most famous advice is do things that don't scale. Recruit your first users by hand. Do the work manually. Embarrass yourself in strangers' inboxes. The usual reading treats this as train

April 2017

Keep Your Identity Small, Especially as a Builder

Paul Graham has a short essay called Keep Your Identity Small. The argument: the moment a belief becomes part of your identity, you stop being able to think clearly about it. You defend it like territ

February 2017

The Four-Month Problem

I've started many things and finished fewer. If I'm honest, my motivation has a half-life of about four months. Around month three the idea stops being a mystery and starts being a maintenance schedul

January 2017

The Case Against Hiring

The default startup story has a moment everyone treats as graduation. You hire. Headcount, an office, an org chart. The press calls it scaling. I want to make the unfashionable case that for a certain

November 2016

Cities, Ambition, and Leaving

Paul Graham has an essay arguing that cities send you a message. New York whispers you should be richer. Silicon Valley whispers you should be more powerful and build something that matters. The city

April 2016

The Greeks 16

Diogenes Lived in a Barrel and Feared No One

Alexander the Great, the most powerful man alive, came to visit Diogenes the Cynic, who was lying in the sun outside the barrel he lived in. Alexander offered to grant him anything he wanted — anythin

January 2026

You Are What You Repeatedly Ship

Aristotle has a line the self-help industry stole and ruined: we are what we repeatedly do, excellence is not an act but a habit. The ruined version is a motivational poster. The original is a theory

October 2025

Every Republic Needs Its Gadflies

Jefferson wrote that a little rebellion now and then is a good thing, and that the tree of liberty needs refreshing. Franklin spent his life puncturing the pompous, signing his sharpest writing under

May 2025

Eudaimonia Is Not a Mood

We translate eudaimonia as happiness and lose almost everything in the move. Happiness, to us, is a feeling — a warm state you're in or out of, something an afternoon can deliver and a bad email can t

December 2024

The Most Dangerous Engineer Knows Everything

The oracle at Delphi declared Socrates the wisest man in Athens, and he spent the rest of his life confused by it, because he was sure he knew nothing. He went around questioning the supposedly wise —

January 2024

Diogenes Carried a Lamp in Daylight

Diogenes used to walk through the crowded Athenian marketplace in broad daylight holding a lit lamp. When people asked what he was doing he said: I'm looking for an honest man. The lamp was a joke and

January 2024

The Mean Is Not the Middle

Most people who quote Aristotle's golden mean think it means moderation. Be brave but not reckless, generous but not a sucker, find the comfortable middle and live there. It's a misreading, and it's t

December 2023

Build a Garden, Not an Empire

Epicurus didn't found a school in the grand sense — no marble academy, no lecture halls competing with Plato's for prestige. He bought a garden on the edge of Athens and lived there with his friends.

July 2023

Epicurus Would Have Hated Your Growth Plan

Epicurus has the worst PR in philosophy. We turned his name into epicurean — a synonym for indulgence, fine wine, expensive pleasure. The actual man lived on bread and water, kept a garden, and taught

September 2021

What Is It For

Aristotle thought everything had a final cause — a telos, the end it exists for. An acorn is for becoming an oak. A knife is for cutting. To understand a thing, he said, know what it's aimed at, not j

September 2021

The Cave Has Good Metrics

Everyone knows Plato's cave. Prisoners chained facing a wall, watching shadows cast by puppets behind them, mistaking the shadows for reality. One escapes, sees the sun, comes back to tell the others,

December 2020

Nobody Good Wants to Run It

Plato's Republic lands on a conclusion most people find naive or sinister: the ideal state should be ruled by philosopher-kings, people who've seen the truth and are therefore fit to govern. The usual

October 2019

The Gadfly Gets the Hemlock

Socrates called himself a gadfly — a horsefly biting a large, sluggish horse to keep it awake. The horse was Athens. His job, as he saw it, was to sting the city out of its comfortable assumptions, to

October 2017

The Unexamined Roadmap Is Not Worth Shipping

The unexamined life is not worth living. Socrates said it at his trial, with the option to recant and live, and he chose the line over his life. People quote it constantly and almost nobody asks the o

August 2017

Plato Was the First Backend Engineer

Plato's theory of forms sounds like the most useless idea in philosophy until you've written enough code, and then it sounds like the only idea. The claim: the particular things we see — this chair, t

February 2017

Knowing Is Not Half the Battle

There's a Greek word for the gap that runs your life: akrasia. It means acting against your own better judgment — knowing the right thing and doing the other thing anyway. The Greeks were obsessed wit

January 2017

Stoics & Romans 16

Cicero On Why You Do The Work Well When No One Is Watching

Near the end of his life, with the Roman republic falling apart around him, Cicero wrote a long letter to his son about duty — De Officiis. It became one of the most influential books in Western histo

December 2025

Rehearse The Crash Before You Launch

The Stoics had a practice that sounds, on first contact, like a recipe for a panic attack: premeditatio malorum, the premeditation of evils. You deliberately imagine, in detail, the things going wrong

September 2025

Hold Money Loosely Or It Holds You

Seneca is the most useful Stoic on money for one annoying reason: he was rich. Scandalously rich, one of the wealthiest men in Rome — which means when he writes about wealth he isn't a monk romanticiz

September 2025

No One Can Actually Insult You

Epictetus says something that sounds absurd until you sit with it: "If anyone tells you that a certain person speaks ill of you, do not make excuses about what is said of you, but answer: He was ignor

February 2025

The Bug Is The Work

There's a Marcus line that gets quoted to death, usually badly: "The impediment to action advances action. What stands in the way becomes the way." People turn it into a motivational poster, which is

December 2024

Memento Mori Is A Shipping Strategy

The Romans had this thing where a general riding in triumph, crowd roaring, had a servant behind him whose only job was to keep whispering: remember you will die. Peak day of his whole life, and someo

June 2024

The Only Question That Matters In An Incident

Epictetus was born a slave. He controlled basically nothing about his external life — not his body, not his freedom, not his circumstances. So he built a whole philosophy out of the one thing nobody c

February 2022

Time Is The Only Thing You Can Go Bankrupt On

Seneca wrote a short, brutal essay, On the Shortness of Life, and the thesis isn't the one the title sells. He doesn't say life is short. He says we make it short. "It is not that we have a short time

January 2022

Build A Republic, Not A Kingdom

Cicero loved the Roman republic the way some engineers love a good system — not for any one ruler, for the design. Res publica, the public thing, a machine for governing that wasn't supposed to depend

November 2021

Write Letters To The Person You're Becoming

The best thing Seneca wrote wasn't a treatise. It was a long run of letters to a younger friend named Lucilius — over a hundred of them — where he worked out his philosophy not as doctrine but as one

May 2021

The Discipline Of Wanting Less Than You Can Get

Marcus Aurelius was, by accident of birth, the most powerful man alive. He could have had anything — every pleasure, every luxury, every indulgence the world could produce, on command. And he spent hi

March 2021

Busy Is The Cheapest Way To Feel Productive

Seneca had a special contempt for a type he called the occupati — the preoccupied, the perpetually busy. Not the lazy, he had less to say about them. His real target was the guy in constant motion, sl

December 2020

Build For The Spec You Were Given

Marcus had a habit of accepting his materials. "Accept the things to which fate binds you," he wrote, "and love the people with whom fate brings you together — but do so with all your heart." The Stoi

June 2019

The Inner Citadel

Epictetus had an image the later Stoics loved: the inner citadel. There's a part of you no external event reaches unless you open the gate yourself. Take the money, the reputation, the job, the freedo

August 2018

Do The Next Thing In Front Of You

There's a passage where Marcus, clearly tired, gives himself the simplest possible instruction. Don't let your imagination get crushed by picturing the whole of your life at once — every trouble, all

August 2017

The View From Above

Marcus Aurelius had a trick for when things got loud. He'd zoom out. Picture the whole earth from way up — the cities, the wars, the marriages, the festivals — and watch the thing eating him shrink to

August 2016

Founders & the Enlightenment 16

Locke's Rule: You Mixed Your Labor, You Own It

John Locke had a theory of where property comes from that I think about constantly, because I work in an industry obsessed with the question and rarely honest about the answer. Locke said the world st

September 2025

Design for Your Own Irrelevance

The deist God's most impressive act was leaving. He built the machine, set the laws, and then — this is the part that scandalized everyone — stepped back and never intervened again. No miracles, no re

August 2025

Jefferson Took a Razor to His Bible

Thomas Jefferson literally cut up the New Testament. Sat there with a blade and physically removed every miracle, every resurrection, every supernatural claim, and pasted what was left — the ethics, t

July 2025

Paine Said the Universe Was the Only Scripture

Thomas Paine, in The Age of Reason, made an argument that should be tattooed on every engineer's wrist. Don't trust the book. Books are written by men, copied by men, edited by men, translated by men,

August 2024

The Watchmaker Argument, Inverted

The deists loved the watchmaker argument. Find a watch on a heath, the analogy goes, and you'd never believe it assembled itself — the intricacy implies a maker. The universe is more intricate than a

March 2024

Jefferson Wrote 'Pursuit' on Purpose

Life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness. We've read that phrase so many times it goes transparent, and the most important word disappears. Jefferson didn't write a right to happiness. He wrote a r

July 2023

Spinoza's God Is Just the System Running

Spinoza got excommunicated for an idea that sounds, to a modern engineer, almost boring. God and Nature are the same thing — Deus sive Natura, God or Nature, pick one, they're identical. No being outs

July 2023

Franklin Ran A/B Tests on His Own Soul

Benjamin Franklin wanted to become a better person, so he did the least romantic thing imaginable. He made a list. Thirteen virtues — temperance, silence, order, resolution, the rest — and a little gr

May 2023

Reason Over Revelation, Especially About Yourself

The deist creed, stripped to the core, was: reason over revelation. Don't accept a claim because an authority revealed it, because it's in a sacred book, because it's tradition, because everyone aroun

March 2023

Voltaire's Last Word Was 'Cultivate Your Garden'

Voltaire spends all of Candide dismantling the idea that this is the best of all possible worlds. He drags his hero through earthquakes, war, betrayal, every horror he can invent, specifically to mock

November 2022

Franklin Only Cared About Useful Virtue

Benjamin Franklin had a test for ideas, almost rude in its simplicity: does it work. He didn't much care whether a belief was elegant or orthodox or pleasing to authority. He cared whether it produced

June 2022

Franklin Never Finished School Either

Benjamin Franklin had two years of formal schooling. Two. Pulled out at ten to work in his father's shop, then apprenticed to a printer. That's the entire credential. From that he became a scientist t

June 2022

Natural Rights Were Just Good Protocol Design

Locke's big idea was that some rights are natural — they don't come from the king, the government, any authority. They exist prior to all of it, by virtue of what you are. Life, liberty, property: you

August 2021

Locke Said You Came In Blank. Good.

John Locke argued the mind starts as a blank slate — tabula rasa — no innate ideas, nothing pre-written. Everything you know got there through experience, through sense and reflection writing on the e

April 2019

The Clockwork Universe Already Survived This Panic

When the deists started describing the universe as a clockwork mechanism — lawful, predictable, running on its own without a hovering God — a lot of people panicked. If the world is just a machine fol

March 2019

Hume's Guillotine and the Metric That Lies

David Hume noticed something so simple that for centuries nobody had said it out loud. Writers would reason along comfortably about what is — how the world works, what happens, what causes what — and

June 2017

The Existentialists 16

The Metamorphosis of the Employee

Gregor Samsa wakes up as a giant insect, and here's the detail everyone gets wrong. His first thought is not what happened to me. His first thought is the train. He's worried he'll be late for work. T

February 2026

The Absurd Is a Contract

People think the absurd, in Camus, is a property of the universe. That the world is absurd. Not quite. Camus is careful here, and the carefulness is the whole insight. The absurd isn't in the world an

October 2024

Anxiety Is the Dizziness of Freedom

Kierkegaard has a line about anxiety that reorganised how I think about my own. He says anxiety is the dizziness of freedom. The vertigo you feel not when you're trapped but when you look down and rea

December 2022

Would You Ship It Forever?

Nietzsche proposes a test, and it's the most useful decision tool I know that nobody uses. A demon visits you at your loneliest hour and says: this life, down to the smallest detail, you'll live again

December 2022

The Trial With No Judge

Josef K. gets arrested one morning. Nobody tells him the charge. He spends the entire book hunting for the court, the document, some official who can explain what he did. There is no such official. Th

December 2022

The Rock Is the Product

Camus closes his Sisyphus essay with a line that reads like a paradox and isn't: one must imagine Sisyphus happy. A man sentenced to roll a boulder uphill forever, watch it roll back forever, walk dow

September 2022

Bad Faith in the Org Chart

Sartre tells a story about a waiter. The guy is a little too much of a waiter. Movements too precise, too eager, too perfectly waiter-ish, like he's performing the role from outside. Sartre's point: t

August 2022

The Castle You Never Reach

In Kafka's last novel, a man called K. shows up at a village to start a job as a land surveyor. The job was offered to him by the authorities up at the Castle. All he has to do is reach the Castle, co

July 2022

The Leap Before the Proof

Kierkegaard noticed something uncomfortable about big decisions. The evidence you'd need to make them well only shows up after you've already made them. You want to know the marriage works before you

June 2021

The Underground Engineer

Dostoevsky's Underground Man makes an argument that sounds insane until you've worked inside a big enough system. He says: give a man a perfect world, a glass palace where every need is met and every

February 2021

Self-Overcoming, Not Conquest

Will to power is the most misread idea in philosophy. People hear it and picture a boot on a neck. Dominate, win, crush. That reading is so popular it's basically a cottage industry, and it gets Nietz

March 2020

The Single Individual

Kierkegaard wanted exactly one phrase on his gravestone: that individual. He spent his life attacking what he called "the crowd," and his charge against it was strange and specific. He didn't say the

January 2020

Rebellion Is a Yes

We use the word rebel lazily. We picture someone tearing things down, saying no to everything, the angry contrarian who's just against. Camus spent a whole book correcting this, and the correction is

December 2019

Master Morality Without a Master

Nietzsche draws a distinction that gets him in trouble because people read it as a class system. It isn't. Master morality and slave morality aren't about who has power over whom. They're about where

May 2018

Freedom Over Comfort

Dostoevsky stages a confrontation in The Brothers Karamazov that I'd put on the wall of every company. A returned Christ gets arrested by the Grand Inquisitor, an old cardinal, who explains, almost te

October 2016

Condemned to Be Free

Sartre has a phrase that sounds like a contradiction: we are condemned to be free. Condemned, like a sentence, a punishment. Why would freedom be a punishment? Because, he says, we didn't choose to ex

February 2016

Power & Strategy 16

Feared or Loved Is the Wrong Question

Everyone quotes the line: is it better to be feared or loved? And everyone stops one sentence too early. Machiavelli's actual answer is that it's best to be both, but since that's hard, it's safer to

April 2026

Chanakya's Lesson: Build the System, Not the Hero

Most people know Chanakya, if at all, as the cunning advisor who installed an empire. The Indian Machiavelli, two thousand years early. What gets lost is that the Arthashastra, his manual of statecraf

March 2026

Sun Tzu's Deception Is About Your Own Mind First

"All warfare is based on deception." Sun Tzu's most quoted and most misused line. People take it as licence to lie, scheme, misrepresent. But read it in context and something subtler is going on. The

July 2025

The Best Leader Is the One the Team Forgets to Credit

Lao Tzu ranks leaders, and his ranking is upside down from everything LinkedIn teaches. The worst leader, he says, is the one the people despise. Better is the one they fear. Better still is the one t

April 2023

Act Without Attachment to the Result

The most quoted line of the Gita is also the most misread by ambitious people: you have a right to your action, never to its fruits. Krishna tells Arjuna to do his duty and let go of the outcome. The

March 2023

Wu Wei: The Best Code Looks Like It Wrote Itself

Lao Tzu has a concept that ruins your relationship with effort once you actually get it: wu wei. Usually translated "non-action," which is misleading, because the Tao Te Ching is not telling you to do

December 2022

Your Own Work, Done Badly, Beats Someone Else's Done Well

There's a line near the end of the Gita that sounds almost reckless: better your own dharma imperfectly performed than another's dharma performed perfectly. Swadharma. Krishna is telling Arjuna it's b

March 2022

Confucius on Why Clear Roles Beat Heroics

Confucius has an idea that sounds like the most boring advice possible and is secretly one of the highest-leverage concepts in org design. It's called the rectification of names, zhengming. Asked what

October 2021

The Best Engineers Win Without Fighting

Sun Tzu's most famous claim reads like a paradox until you've shipped a few things: the supreme excellence is to win without fighting. Subdue the enemy without battle. He rates the general who wins a

October 2021

Terrain Decides the Battle Before You Show Up

There's a whole chapter in The Art of War about ground. Accessible ground, entangling ground, ground where you should never camp, ground where you should never fight, ground so desperate you fight or

March 2021

Never Outshine the Master Is Really About Generosity

The first of Greene's 48 laws is the one that sounds the most cynical: never outshine the master. Make those above you feel comfortably superior. To ambitious people it reads like a recipe for dimming

August 2019

Conquering Others Is Strength. Conquering Yourself Is Power.

Lao Tzu draws a distinction that cuts under this entire series. He who conquers others is strong, he says. He who conquers himself is mighty. In the original spirit the second is a higher word than th

May 2019

Read Reality As It Is, Not As It Should Be

The most useful sentence in The Prince is the one most people misread. Machiavelli says he writes about how men actually live, not how they ought to, and that a ruler who insists on the ought gets des

June 2018

Virtù and Fortuna: Build the Dam Before the Flood

Machiavelli ends The Prince with a striking image. Fortune, he says, is like a violent river that floods the plains, tears down trees, sweeps everything away. And yet, when the weather is calm, men ca

March 2018

The Empty Boat: Most of What Angers You Has No Pilot

There's a parable from the Taoist tradition, from Zhuangzi, I keep coming back to. A man is crossing a river in his boat when another boat slams into his. He turns, furious, ready to shout, and sees t

February 2016

I Make Content About the 48 Laws. Here's Why It's Self-Defense.

I make short videos about The 48 Laws of Power, and people sometimes assume that means I'm teaching manipulation. It's the opposite, and the distinction is the whole point. Robert Greene's book isn't

February 2016